large-table.md

Large table: ObjectBox and SQLite with ~20,000 rows

Detailed results of the large-table runs (LARGE_TABLE=1); summary, setup and the default results (~300 rows) are in the README.

The only difference from the default runs: after Insert: Batch and Insert: Bulk (10,000 objects each), the untimed step that deletes the newest 9,900 rows again is skipped, so D–K run on ~20,100 rows instead of ~300. Filter: Large returns ~67x more rows per query; Filter: Small (20 rows) and Get (one row) fetch the same as before from a larger table; Update: Whole, Update: Partial and Delete update or delete all rows in one transaction each, so one durable commit is spread over ~20,100 rows instead of ~300. A–C don't depend on the table size (they run before it differs); their values here come from separate runs, so they differ slightly from the default results. The charts per test use a logarithmic scale (rows/sec range from ~50 to ~1,000,000), so equal bar-height differences mean equal ratios. Same machine, versions and settings (ITERATIONS=100, BATCH_SIZE=10000); each value is the median of 5 full runs (raw results).

Tortoise ORM's Update: Whole, Update: Partial and Delete on Test 3 alternate between two levels from run to run, in cold and warm runs alike (e.g. Update: Whole ~13,200 or ~17,500 rows/sec), so their medians, and the cold/warm difference of its Test 3 geometric mean (×0.92), depend on which level the majority of the 5 runs hit.

Cold

Test 1: Simple Model (4 fields)

Operation	Django	peewee	SA ORM	SA ORM async	SQLObject	Tortoise ORM	Piccolo	ormar	SQLModel	SQLModel async	ObjectBox	Best
Insert: Single	54	160	54	49	54	159	49	49	53	49	245	ObjectBox
Insert: Batch	15,655	26,019	46,755	10,000	14,833	20,026	5,258	3,327	46,280	10,027	188,264	ObjectBox
Insert: Bulk	79,901	99,572	124,439	20,374	—	84,527	17,865	16,014	125,008	17,192	191,053	ObjectBox
Filter: Large	305,005	329,779	322,523	58,575	88,921	99,189	73,125	38,310	265,966	54,332	521,500	ObjectBox
Filter: Small	82,643	122,009	80,093	28,020	62,051	55,982	28,478	16,070	81,012	28,273	110,913	peewee
Get	7,327	12,126	8,605	3,736	15,523	8,428	2,479	1,541	9,726	3,654	152,299	ObjectBox
Update: Whole	11,077	21,867	44,227	9,440	47,369	21,225	6,639	3,369	40,268	9,051	167,257	ObjectBox
Update: Partial	12,742	30,911	67,911	20,353	72,875	27,020	6,805	4,003	62,355	16,223	196,449	ObjectBox
Delete	13,507	45,471	104,592	14,541	82,797	30,077	6,888	5,007	102,114	15,588	327,410	ObjectBox
Geometric Mean	14,215	26,396	30,336	8,211	19,346	18,188	5,802	3,802	29,435	7,807	98,011	ObjectBox

Test 2: FK Relations

Operation	Django	peewee	SA ORM	SA ORM async	SQLObject	Tortoise ORM	Piccolo	ormar	SQLModel	SQLModel async	ObjectBox	Best
Insert: Single	54	160	53	49	54	160	49	48	53	49	236	ObjectBox
Insert: Batch	14,696	24,894	30,381	8,349	13,662	19,716	5,071	3,306	44,223	9,153	148,818	ObjectBox
Insert: Bulk	70,042	96,281	121,193	20,415	—	82,959	17,085	12,502	120,714	20,272	184,344	ObjectBox
Filter: Large	266,765	268,512	308,446	57,407	85,249	98,226	68,651	39,750	267,896	45,349	488,343	ObjectBox
Filter: Small	76,388	106,769	61,193	28,282	59,115	57,053	26,502	15,668	79,147	27,626	107,698	ObjectBox
Get	6,930	11,036	7,063	3,541	14,883	8,343	2,322	1,513	9,584	3,526	143,322	ObjectBox
Update: Whole	10,287	18,796	26,560	8,531	46,958	20,650	5,832	3,411	39,806	8,811	159,698	ObjectBox
Update: Partial	12,504	29,559	34,329	15,786	73,690	27,077	5,788	4,007	60,132	17,525	188,210	ObjectBox
Delete	2,424	44,159	1,143	1,272	46,300	1,522	1,434	2,169	101,760	16,302	276,134	ObjectBox
Geometric Mean	11,044	24,323	14,433	5,861	17,513	12,974	4,565	3,366	28,911	7,745	90,446	ObjectBox

Test 3: Wide Model (32+ fields)

Operation	Django	peewee	SA ORM	SA ORM async	SQLObject	Tortoise ORM	Piccolo	ormar	SQLModel	SQLModel async	ObjectBox	Best
Insert: Single	53	158	53	49	54	159	49	44	53	49	210	ObjectBox
Insert: Batch	6,021	9,597	22,278	8,309	6,527	15,198	3,483	1,024	19,833	7,708	55,621	ObjectBox
Insert: Bulk	17,746	24,490	52,767	16,252	—	38,513	8,672	2,957	42,702	16,119	65,394	ObjectBox
Filter: Large	56,974	53,845	74,189	11,922	42,100	29,131	12,183	7,900	63,591	11,638	90,685	ObjectBox
Filter: Small	32,011	33,010	42,031	10,256	33,125	23,434	9,788	5,808	40,667	10,221	52,562	ObjectBox
Get	3,914	4,137	6,760	2,899	9,785	5,395	1,718	1,082	7,517	2,835	45,349	ObjectBox
Update: Whole	5,954	5,474	27,545	9,809	39,140	16,394	4,156	1,839	26,108	9,089	51,895	ObjectBox
Update: Partial	10,099	26,701	36,894	14,628	57,789	31,563	4,434	3,415	35,156	14,443	56,683	SQLObject
Delete	12,199	40,734	69,947	13,104	66,613	35,969	7,188	5,008	69,600	13,744	297,729	ObjectBox
Geometric Mean	6,770	10,556	16,556	5,468	12,799	12,289	3,249	1,809	15,634	5,364	37,444	ObjectBox

Warm

Each operation first runs once untimed in the same process, the database is restored, then the operation is timed (see the README).

Test 1: Simple Model (4 fields)

Operation	Django	peewee	SA ORM	SA ORM async	SQLObject	Tortoise ORM	Piccolo	ormar	SQLModel	SQLModel async	ObjectBox	Best
Insert: Single	54	160	54	49	54	160	49	49	54	49	245	ObjectBox
Insert: Batch	16,037	26,273	46,599	9,135	14,499	20,762	5,094	3,325	47,804	9,160	202,502	ObjectBox
Insert: Bulk	81,825	120,648	142,247	20,417	—	88,457	17,864	17,288	130,401	17,202	241,543	ObjectBox
Filter: Large	304,867	328,208	316,873	66,379	88,127	97,817	75,114	37,345	274,713	59,426	519,198	ObjectBox
Filter: Small	89,762	131,640	93,961	30,917	69,947	57,648	28,949	16,483	95,223	28,643	118,812	peewee
Get	7,940	12,720	9,062	3,679	16,809	8,272	2,487	1,563	10,720	3,676	215,479	ObjectBox
Update: Whole	11,151	21,961	43,987	9,529	47,266	21,888	6,648	3,410	41,187	9,637	167,770	ObjectBox
Update: Partial	12,897	31,138	68,876	19,954	71,377	35,890	6,641	4,002	63,023	19,007	200,501	ObjectBox
Delete	13,592	46,946	107,129	14,509	81,274	40,207	6,959	5,011	102,970	15,387	383,008	ObjectBox
Geometric Mean	14,610	27,487	31,570	8,311	19,650	19,637	5,795	3,845	30,833	8,006	108,306	ObjectBox

Test 2: FK Relations

Operation	Django	peewee	SA ORM	SA ORM async	SQLObject	Tortoise ORM	Piccolo	ormar	SQLModel	SQLModel async	ObjectBox	Best
Insert: Single	54	162	54	48	54	160	49	49	54	49	235	ObjectBox
Insert: Batch	14,873	25,587	31,664	8,449	13,535	20,558	5,076	3,306	45,950	9,361	184,316	ObjectBox
Insert: Bulk	73,400	120,097	138,199	20,439	—	86,484	17,082	13,907	125,441	16,889	227,378	ObjectBox
Filter: Large	270,115	279,242	315,794	61,140	86,765	97,095	69,287	38,351	270,053	54,017	502,569	ObjectBox
Filter: Small	84,802	117,851	89,985	28,973	65,701	58,295	26,710	16,711	96,211	29,062	116,609	peewee
Get	7,464	11,592	8,688	3,587	16,432	8,152	2,333	1,530	11,015	3,591	216,034	ObjectBox
Update: Whole	10,540	19,176	27,249	8,748	46,481	21,207	5,781	3,410	40,128	9,683	167,128	ObjectBox
Update: Partial	12,796	30,330	34,733	15,210	71,135	37,783	5,841	4,012	62,393	16,244	192,572	ObjectBox
Delete	2,474	45,477	1,158	1,260	46,291	1,541	1,444	2,242	105,864	14,965	322,492	ObjectBox
Geometric Mean	11,444	25,777	15,863	5,917	17,894	13,627	4,581	3,439	30,608	7,761	102,911	ObjectBox

Test 3: Wide Model (32+ fields)

Operation	Django	peewee	SA ORM	SA ORM async	SQLObject	Tortoise ORM	Piccolo	ormar	SQLModel	SQLModel async	ObjectBox	Best
Insert: Single	54	160	54	49	54	161	49	46	54	49	213	ObjectBox
Insert: Batch	6,111	9,720	23,070	8,351	6,611	15,140	3,613	1,013	20,302	7,810	57,652	ObjectBox
Insert: Bulk	17,794	25,694	54,306	19,417	—	41,347	9,782	2,954	43,679	18,455	65,950	ObjectBox
Filter: Large	57,864	52,972	74,547	12,584	42,911	27,671	12,331	7,893	63,672	12,017	92,435	ObjectBox
Filter: Small	33,728	33,802	51,400	12,681	36,526	24,548	9,474	6,530	47,368	11,398	60,100	ObjectBox
Get	3,988	4,135	7,938	2,933	10,810	5,315	1,711	1,101	8,800	2,859	77,122	ObjectBox
Update: Whole	5,745	5,408	27,849	8,655	39,368	13,231	4,245	1,821	26,358	9,059	55,036	ObjectBox
Update: Partial	10,143	27,250	37,466	13,956	58,496	24,871	4,090	3,413	35,724	14,166	57,397	SQLObject
Delete	12,162	42,110	73,049	12,956	67,007	27,159	7,200	5,011	71,316	13,932	289,596	ObjectBox
Geometric Mean	6,826	10,698	17,525	5,641	13,217	11,396	3,272	1,842	16,378	5,540	40,854	ObjectBox