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feat: add SQLite and Cloudflare D1 query dialects - #49
SQLite and D1 users cannot currently use the shared query builder with Database.fromSqlClient. This adds a /sqlite entry so the same builders, derived row decoders and opt-in tenant checks run through an existing Effect SQL client.
Add SQLite codecs, aggregate/scalar functions, positional ? bindings and typed compile wrappers. No database driver becomes a runtime dependency.
Provide sqliteDialect with client-backed transactions/savepoints and d1Dialect with 100 bindings and no interactive transactions. D1 refuses a transaction before its body runs.
Extend compiler capabilities where SQLite differs: OFFSET without LIMIT, branch-local UNION ordering/limits, and INSERT SELECT upserts. Refuse unsupported per-cell DEFAULT, ON CONSTRAINT, DISTINCT ON, ILIKE and row locks.
Add real Node SQLite and local Miniflare/workerd D1 tests, package/type tests, checked documentation examples and a minor changeset.
An acknowledgment projection matches Drizzle 1.0.0-rc.5 for copy, first-write-wins conflicts, user reads and keyset paging. The prototype lives on a separate branch; this PR has no Drizzle dependency or application code.
Validation
Build and bun run typecheck: pass.
Full source and integration suite with ClickHouse 26.8.2.7, using vitest run src tests --exclude '.vendor/**' --maxWorkers=2: 1048 passed, no skipped tests across 62 files. The 14 SQLite/D1 tests are included.
Documentation citations, all three dialect export catalogs, and 24 compiled documentation examples: pass.
bun scripts/check-package.ts: pass. An isolated npm consumer imports the tarball, checks TypeScript 7 and 5 declarations, runs codecs/compilation and loads every entry from CommonJS.
bun install --frozen-lockfile and git diff --check: pass.
An initial unconstrained local run hit the existing 5-second timeout in four PGlite tests. Those tests passed with two workers, followed by the full live suite above; no test timeout was changed. The .vendor exclusion covers a local Effect source checkout and is unnecessary in CI.
Scope and limits
This is the query/execution step from #48. SQLite DDL generation, schema diff/introspection, migration ledger and kit support remain separate work. The SQLite table API is a query schema, with this distinction stated in the docs.
D1's atomic fixed-statement batch is not an interactive Effect transaction. This PR adds no ORM batch API or transaction emulation. The D1 tests use a real local workerd binding; no deployed Cloudflare database was used.
Tenant enforcement remains opt-in (requireTenantScope: true); plain SQL has no tenant proof. We have not changed MyRemotely's ORM choice or deployment.
Need help on this PR? Tag @codesmith-bot with what you need.
Summary by CodeRabbit
New Features
Added SQLite and Cloudflare D1 support for compiling queries, decoding typed data, using common aggregate and scalar functions, and binding positional parameters.
Added SQLite and D1 dialect options. SQLite supports transactions; D1 has a lower parameter limit and does not support interactive transactions.
Added SQLite query support for insert conflict clauses.
Documentation
Added a SQLite and D1 guide covering setup, supported features, limitations, and the lack of SQLite schema and migration generation.
No actionable comments were generated in the recent review.
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Files selected for processing: 5
.changeset/quiet-sqlite-dialects.md
docs/reference.md
src/sqlite.ts
src/sqlite/sqlite.test-d.ts
src/sqlite/sqlite.test.ts
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.changeset/quiet-sqlite-dialects.md
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Walkthrough
The PR adds a /sqlite package entry for SQLite and Cloudflare D1. It adds dialects, codecs, functions, shared compiler support, documentation, package checks, and SQLite and D1 tests.
sequenceDiagram
participant Application
participant SQLiteEntry
participant EffectSqlClient
participant SQLiteDatabase
Application->>SQLiteEntry: Compile query with SQLite dialect
SQLiteEntry->>EffectSqlClient: Execute SQL with positional bindings
EffectSqlClient->>SQLiteDatabase: Run statement
SQLiteDatabase-->>EffectSqlClient: Return rows
EffectSqlClient-->>SQLiteEntry: Provide rows for decoding
SQLiteEntry-->>Application: Return decoded result
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Possibly related issues
MapleTechLabs/effect-orm#48: Requests SQLite and Cloudflare D1 support through Effect SQL APIs. This PR adds those query entries and documents migration and batch limitations.
Suggested reviewers:makisuo
Merge Risk: Minimal · up to bfe02
No concrete merge-blocking correctness, security, availability, or publication issue is established.
Pre-merge checks: 5
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The title clearly and concisely describes the main change: adding SQLite and Cloudflare D1 query dialects.
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Actionable comments posted: 1
🪄 Fix comments: Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @docs/reference.md:
- Line 38: Update the ON CONFLICT entry in the insertInto query-builder catalog
to include SQLite alongside Postgres, matching the section’s stated export scope
and the SQLite guide’s documented support.
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.changeset/quiet-sqlite-dialects.md
README.md
docs/README.md
docs/reference.md
docs/sqlite.md
package.json
scripts/check-exports-documented.mjs
src/ch/compile.ts
src/ch/dialect.ts
src/ch/expr.ts
src/ch/functions/builtin.ts
src/sql/sql-syntax.ts
src/sqlite.ts
src/sqlite/d1.test.ts
src/sqlite/dialect.ts
src/sqlite/functions.ts
src/sqlite/sqlite.test-d.ts
src/sqlite/sqlite.test.ts
src/sqlite/types.ts
tests/package-consumer-declarations.mts
tests/package-consumer.mts
tsdown.config.ts
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Pushed bfe02f8: a fix for SQLite.table(name, { external: true, columns }).
Before this commit, /sqlite re-exported the bare query table. That call made a table with two columns, external and columns, and no error. Now it builds a query-only table from columns and keeps tenantColumn, as /clickhouse and /postgres do. A runtime test and a type test cover it. ExternalTableDefinition is in the reference catalog.
The same commit corrects the changeset and the src/sqlite.ts header. They now say this PR ships queries and execution only, and that SQLite DDL and migrations are not implemented yet.
Checks: build, typecheck, bun run test with a local ClickHouse (62 files, 1049 tests), and check-package.ts all pass.
Thanks for this, it's a careful piece of work. We ran our new fuzzer (#118) and the shared core builder suite on it, and they found four things:
LIKE escapes. SQLite LIKE has no default escape, so like("org\\_1") never matches org_1 (it does on Postgres and ClickHouse).
U+0000. SQLite drivers end text at NUL: node:sqlite reads a NUL string back cut short, bound or literal. The NUL test here fails on Node 24, which our mise.toml pins.
Inexact decimals. SQLite parses some decimals to a neighbouring double (1.23456789e-95), so lit(fraction) written as text changes the value.
Amount > 9.75 is refused on an integer column, unlike the other dialects.
Fixes and tests are in #119. GitHub doesn't let maintainers push to an organization-owned fork, so we couldn't add them here. #119 contains your commits unchanged with ours on top, and it also registers sqlite and d1 with the fuzzer and runs the core suite on both. You can pull those commits into this branch if you'd rather land it here. Otherwise we'll merge #119 and close this one with credit. #50 and #51 are next.
* feat: add SQLite and D1 codecs and dialect profiles
* feat: preserve SQLite offset and union branch pagination
* feat: reject SQL clauses SQLite cannot execute
* fix: disambiguate SQLite insert-select upserts
* feat: add schema-aware SQLite aggregate and scalar functions
* test: verify SQLite transactions and local D1 safety checks
* docs: publish the SQLite entry and document its tested limits
* docs: list SQLite under ON CONFLICT in the reference
* fix(sqlite): build external tables from their columns
* fix(sqlite): portable LIKE escapes, no silent NUL truncation, exact fractions
Found by running the fuzzer and the core builder suite on SQLite and D1:
- LIKE has no default escape on SQLite, so `like("org\\_1")` matched a
literal backslash and never `org_1`. The dialect now writes
`ESCAPE '\'`, so `\` escapes `%`, `_` and `\` as on every dialect.
- SQLite drivers end text at U+0000: node:sqlite reads `'a' || char(0)`
back as `'a'`, bound or literal. A string with U+0000 is refused at
compile time instead of being stored and read back cut short. (The
hex-cast literal kept NUL in the SQL, but not in the value.)
- SQLite parses some decimals to a neighbouring double, as a literal or
through json_extract (`1.23456789e-95`). A fraction in an expression
is bound instead of written as text; integers are still written.
- `Amount > 9.75` was refused because SQLite.integer only encodes whole
numbers. A fraction compared with an integer column now compiles, as
on Postgres and ClickHouse; inserting one is still refused.
docs/sqlite.md now states SQLite's ASCII-case-insensitive LIKE.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* test(sqlite): run the core builder suite and every fuzz property on SQLite and D1
- tests/core.sqlite.test.ts runs every shared core case on node:sqlite
and on a local D1 binding (Miniflare), with SQL snapshots for both.
- tests/fuzz/dialects/sqlite.ts registers `sqlite` and `d1` with the
fuzzer: query plans against the reference model, literal round-trips
for every SQLite column type, compile invariants and hostile values.
Their semantics: NULL first ascending, truncating integer division,
`%` on integers, ASCII-case-insensitive LIKE.
- The real reference row is built from the double's mantissa and powers
of two, since SQLite cannot parse some decimals exactly.
- New core cases pin LIKE escapes and case on every dialect; ILIKE moves
to its own case so `patterns-and-lists` also runs on SQLite.
- Counterexamples pinned in tests/fuzz/regressions.ts.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* fix(sqlite): timestamps in SQLite's own text form, refuse integers past 2^53
`SQLite.timestamp` stored and compared ISO text (`…T16:28:54.750Z`), while
SQLite's functions write `YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS`. SQLite compares text by
bytes, and ' ' sorts before 'T', so a row a DEFAULT stamped just now was
not later than an hour ago: wrong rows, no error. Timestamps now use
SQLite's own form, `YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.SSS` in UTC (what strftime('%f')
and datetime(..., 'subsec') write), for inserts, comparisons and params;
both forms decode, and zoneless text is UTC. The literal fuzz's reference
row is now written by SQLite's datetime(), so builder values must equal
the database's own text. `sqliteTimestampText` is exported for raw SQL.
`SQLite.integer` decoded any integer-valued number. D1 rounds an INTEGER
past 2^53 to a different number, which then passed; it is a decode error
now.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* test(fuzz): fuzz unions and writes on every dialect
Unions: `unionAll` of two or three row plans that select the same
aliases (each alias one sort in every branch), each branch with its own
join, filter, DISTINCT, ORDER BY and LIMIT, under the union's ORDER BY,
LIMIT and OFFSET. The model concatenates the branches' rows and pages
them; the union pages only when it orders by every alias, so ties are
equal rows. New properties `unions match the model (<target>, …)`.
Writes: a new suite. Each input gets a fresh scratch table on the
dialect's first target and runs a sequence of builder writes: multi-row
inserts leaving defaulted or nullable columns out, INSERT … SELECT,
ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING / DO UPDATE (with the existing and the excluded
row), UPDATE and DELETE with a filter or allRows(), and RETURNING. After
every write the table is read back and compared with a JS model of its
rows, and RETURNING with the rows the write touched. A write the dialect
does not support is still generated and must be refused at compile time.
`FuzzDialect.writes` declares the capabilities and the scratch table
(query `Table`, create/drop DDL, `exec`); `DialectModule` gains
unionAll, compileUnion, insertInto, update and deleteFrom. ClickHouse
targets pass mutations_sync=2 and lightweight_deletes_sync=2 so an
ALTER TABLE UPDATE or DELETE is visible to the next read.
Found: a ClickHouse 26 UNION ALL column whose branches have numeric
types with no common supertype (UInt64 and Int64, Int64 and Float64)
becomes a Variant, and ORDER BY on it fails. Recorded in known-issues
(clickhouse-union-variant-order-by) and pinned.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* fix(clickhouse): cast a union's mixed numeric column to Float64
A UNION ALL column of numbers whose branches have no common ClickHouse
type (`Id + 1` is UInt64 and `Id - 1` Int64; Int64 and Float64) becomes a
Variant, and an ORDER BY on it fails ("Variant/Dynamic are not allowed in
ORDER BY keys"); with use_variant_as_common_type = 0 the union itself is
refused. The union fuzzer found it.
On a dialect with `unionNumberCast` (ClickHouse), a column is selected as
toFloat64(…) in every branch when every branch selects a number and their
types may differ: different declared types, or different computations.
Every numeric ClickHouse type decodes to a JS number, so Float64 loses
nothing the decode keeps. The known-issues entry is gone; the pinned
counterexample now passes.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* test(fuzz): fuzz SQLite and D1 writes and unions
Registers the write capabilities from #122 for sqlite and d1: every write
the dialect has (INSERT … SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, ON CONFLICT, RETURNING),
and per-cell DEFAULT refused, as SQLite has none in VALUES. D1 compiles its
unions with the D1 dialect.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* test(fuzz): a query pinned to one org by its own filter is single-tenant for that org
The tenant oracle took "single-tenant" to mean the orgId param's tenant.
`OrgId IN ('org_2')` pins a query to org_2, which the builder rightly
reports as single-tenant; the oracle called reading org_2 a leak. Where
the plan's WHERE filters OrgId itself, any one org is right; otherwise
it must still be the param's. Found by a 20x soak on D1; pinned.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* fix(clickhouse): cast a union's numeric column around each branch, not inside it
Inside a branch the cast ran before that branch's DISTINCT, so two UInt64
values past 2^53 (one Float64) became one row. The cast now wraps each
branch, SELECT toFloat64(x) AS x, … FROM (<branch>), so DISTINCT, GROUP BY
and LIMIT see exact values (CodeRabbit). The writes suite now accepts only
a QueryBuilderError or a QueryBuilderDefect as the refusal of a clause a
dialect lacks, not any defect.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* fix(clickhouse): order a union's mixed numeric column by exact keys, never cast its values
The previous fix cast such a column to Float64, which an independent
review showed corrupts integers past 2^53 wherever the values stay on the
server: INSERT ... SELECT from the union stored 9007199254740992 for
9007199254740993, and an IN over it matched nothing. Only the union's
ORDER BY was ever broken (a Variant is not a valid sort key), so only the
sort key changes now: toFloat64(x), then accurateCastOrNull(x, 'Int128'),
which keeps integers past 2^53 in exact order. Checked on ClickHouse 26.8
with UInt64/Int64 values around 2^53 and 2^64 - 1.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* fix(sqlite): refuse timestamps outside 0000-9999; fraction rule as a dialect flag
From an independent review:
- A timestamp past year 9999 (new Date(8.64e15), a common max-date
sentinel) was written as '+275760-09 13T00:00:00.', which then failed
to decode, and `at > year 10000` bound text that sorts before every
real timestamp, so it matched every row. Inserts, comparisons and
params now refuse it at compile time; sqliteTimestampText throws.
- `integer > 9.75` keyed off the dialect name, so a profile spread from
sqliteDialect under another name lost it. It is the dialect flag
integerComparesFraction now.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* fix(sqlite): refuse an out-of-range timestamp with a typed error, never a throw
The range check ran after a union member's encoder, which threw a
RangeError for a Date before year 0, so compile died instead of failing
with a QueryBuilderError (found by the hostile-values fuzz property).
Each member of the timestamp codec now checks the range on its decoded
side, and the encoder never throws; dateTimeLiteral fails with a typed
error too. Pinned.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* fix(clickhouse): order union numbers with CAST, which ClickHouse 26.2 accepts on a Variant
toFloat64 refuses a Variant on ClickHouse 26.2 (CI); CAST(x AS
Nullable(Float64)) works on 26.2 and 26.8, Variant or not. Checked both
versions with the full suite and every fuzz property at 20x.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* test(fuzz): rerun ClickHouse's one-argument and() bug without the rewrite, rows still checked
The known-issue matcher for this ClickHouse server bug covered two
shapes; a 20x soak on 26.2 found a third (`(a OR 0 OR a) AND (a OR 0)`).
Rather than chase shapes, a ClickHouse target that gets exactly this
error runs the query again with optimize_extract_common_expressions = 0,
and its rows are compared with the model as usual: these inputs are now
checked, not skipped. The matcher and its helpers are gone.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* test: retry a D1 request that never reached workerd
Under a 20x soak Miniflare's local socket occasionally drops ('fetch
failed'). Like the ClickHouse helper, the D1 helper retries transport
errors only; a database error still fails.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* test(fuzz): pin the and() server-bug shape ClickHouse 26.2 hit
Fails with TOO_FEW_ARGUMENTS_FOR_FUNCTION if the rerun without the rewrite
is removed; passes, rows checked, with it.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
---------
Co-authored-by: Taras Kornichuk <dread9ko@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Merged as part of #119 (d8bae8c on main), with your commits kept as they were and review fixes on top. Thank you, @tao-io, this is a great contribution! The SQLite/D1 query dialect now ships with the fuzzer and shared core suite running on SQLite and D1.
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SQLite and D1 users cannot currently use the shared query builder with
Database.fromSqlClient. This adds a/sqliteentry so the same builders, derived row decoders and opt-in tenant checks run through an existing Effect SQL client.Refs #48. Behavior prototype and Drizzle comparison.
Changes
?bindings and typed compile wrappers. No database driver becomes a runtime dependency.sqliteDialectwith client-backed transactions/savepoints andd1Dialectwith 100 bindings and no interactive transactions. D1 refuses a transaction before its body runs.An acknowledgment projection matches Drizzle
1.0.0-rc.5for copy, first-write-wins conflicts, user reads and keyset paging. The prototype lives on a separate branch; this PR has no Drizzle dependency or application code.Validation
bun run typecheck: pass.vitest run src tests --exclude '.vendor/**' --maxWorkers=2: 1048 passed, no skipped tests across 62 files. The 14 SQLite/D1 tests are included.bun scripts/check-package.ts: pass. An isolated npm consumer imports the tarball, checks TypeScript 7 and 5 declarations, runs codecs/compilation and loads every entry from CommonJS.bun install --frozen-lockfileandgit diff --check: pass.An initial unconstrained local run hit the existing 5-second timeout in four PGlite tests. Those tests passed with two workers, followed by the full live suite above; no test timeout was changed. The
.vendorexclusion covers a local Effect source checkout and is unnecessary in CI.Scope and limits
This is the query/execution step from #48. SQLite DDL generation, schema diff/introspection, migration ledger and kit support remain separate work. The SQLite
tableAPI is a query schema, with this distinction stated in the docs.D1's atomic fixed-statement batch is not an interactive Effect transaction. This PR adds no ORM batch API or transaction emulation. The D1 tests use a real local workerd binding; no deployed Cloudflare database was used.
Tenant enforcement remains opt-in (
requireTenantScope: true); plain SQL has no tenant proof. We have not changed MyRemotely's ORM choice or deployment.Need help on this PR? Tag
@codesmith-botwith what you need.Summary by CodeRabbit
New Features
Documentation